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Fully Distributed Standalone Ring-Based EPON Architecture is shown in the figure. An OLT is connected to N ONUs via a 10-20 km trunk feeder fiber, a passive 3-port optical circulator, and a short distribution fiber ring.
The ONUs are joined by point-to-point unidirectional links in a closed loop around the access ring.
The upstream (US) signal is transmitted sequentially, bit by bit, around the ring from one node to the next where it is terminated, processed, regenerated, and retransmitted at each node (ONU)
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IEEE/ICACT20210195 Slide.05
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