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To address these problems, we propose APID, which stands for routing protocol with Adaptive Position Information Diffusion and Angle-based forwarding. APID introduces four key mechanisms, each targeting a specific weakness. To reduce beacon overhead, we propose an adaptive beacon interval based on node state. To track mobile destinations, we design a self-decision location information diffusion method. To choose better forwarders, we develop an algorithm based on confidence and forwarding angle. And to handle network voids, we employ a packet buffering mechanism. Together, these features aim to significantly enhance routing stability and energy efficiency. |