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Before mitigation, the CTS rate remains continuously high due to flooding. After mitigation, the CTS rate drops immediately.
This happens because token-bucket rate limiting restricts how aggressively the attacker can send CTS frames, without instantly disconnecting the device. At the same time, NAV rewriting corrects the fake duration values, so legitimate devices are no longer forced to stay silent. Overall, these results show that our system can quickly reduce the impact of the attack while still allowing normal network communication for legitimate users. |