IEEE/ICACT20260208 Slide.11        [Big Slide]       Oral Presentation
So this is the part that how we store these records on-chain. Our ledger used two block types with different roles The first is Identity block. It stores identity-lifecycle transactions, so the system can support conditional traceability when needed. And it is generated at the start of every epoch The second is the Model block. It stores model-update transactions which creates an auditable history of federated learning contributions over epochs. By separating identity records from model-update records, we keep the ledger structure clearer and easier to manage.

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