IEEE/ICACT20260220 Slide.12        [Big Slide]       Oral Presentation
WOA-Based Optimization Framework ¡°In the WOA-based framework, all optimization variables, including beamforming vectors, artificial noise, and STAR-RIS transmission and reflection coefficients, are jointly encoded into a solution vector. The fitness function is defined as the negative sum secrecy rate, and constraint violations are penalized to ensure feasibility. Overall, this approach achieves fast convergence, low complexity, and is easy to implement for large-scale systems.¡±

[Go to Next Slide]
Select Voice: