IEEE/ICACT20260272 Slide.13        [Big Slide]       Oral Presentation
To illustrate these results, we analyze DDI changes at the provincial level. Urban areas like Ulaanbaatar show relatively lower DDI levels, while remote provinces such as Bayan-Ulgii and Khovd experienced notable improvements after satellite deployment. Overall, the national average DDI decreased significantly between 2020 and 2025, highlighting the positive regional impact of the national communication satellite.

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