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The synchronization marker pattern was superimposed and embedded as secondary information. The pattern of the secondary information m(x,y) should be set such that its spectral
distribution is in the high-frequency range that does not overlap with the spectrum of the main information, that is, the green noise pattern. For example, if checkerboard pattern are used for every other pixel, its spectrum will be the Nyquist frequency, and there will be no crosstalk with the spectrum of the green noise.
The sub-information is extracted by convolution with the embedded image in pixel space (real space) using the filters M0and M1 shown in Figure.
The figure shows the marker pattern with the embedded sub information, its spectrum, and the extraction sub-information.
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IEEE/ICACT20220093 Slide.14
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