IEEE/ICACT20260220 Slide.19        [Big Slide]       Oral Presentation
Key Insights ˇ°From the numerical results, several important insights can be observed. First, STAR-RIS provides full-space flexibility through simultaneous transmission and reflection, which significantly enhances both secrecy and sensing performance compared to conventional RIS architectures. Second, NOMA consistently outperforms OMA in terms of secrecy rate, thanks to its higher spectral efficiency and more effective use of power-domain multiplexing. Finally, the metaheuristic optimization approach achieves strong performance while keeping the computational complexity low, demonstrating that near-optimal secrecy gains can be obtained without relying on heavy convex optimization techniques.ˇ±

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