IEEE/ICACT20260308 Slide.19        [Big Slide]       Oral Presentation
Frame-level analysis revealed a clear four-stage CPI progression from stable flow to collapse. Most importantly, CPI increased rapidly within five to ten seconds before collapse, demonstrating strong potential as an early warning signal. The system operates in real time, with low response latency and stable processing performance, confirming its practical applicability for crowd safety monitoring.

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