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This figure shows the percentage of correct responses to various attacks by image editing and processing of Lena images (electronic data) with embedded watermarks. For processing that changes the image position or size (e.g., magnification or rotation), pixel interpolation was performed from the four edges of the image using bilinear transformation to create a corrected image of a predetermined size, after which the watermark was extracted.
The experimental results show that the watermark is robust to image processing that causes luminance changes (weak smoothing, shading, noise, JPEG compression), but the watermark disappears and the correct rate decreases when the cluster dot pattern is easily lost (strong smoothing, etc.).
The block size was 32Ąż32, the extraction was completed using Fourier transform, and the watermark was not significantly affected by the luminance of each pixel of the dot pattern, but by the phase distribution of the dots, hence this confirms it is robust against block synchronization.
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IEEE/ICACT20220093 Slide.20
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