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Conclusion
¡°In this paper, we proposed a secure STAR-RIS assisted NOMA-ISAC framework for multi-user and multi-target scenarios.
By jointly optimizing base station beamforming, artificial noise, and STAR-RIS coefficients, the proposed design effectively enhances physical-layer security while satisfying sensing requirements.
To handle the resulting non-convex problem, a WOA-based metaheuristic optimization method was adopted, achieving fast convergence with low computational complexity.
Simulation results confirm clear secrecy performance gains over conventional RIS and random STAR-RIS schemes.
Overall, the proposed framework provides a practical and scalable solution for secure ISAC systems in future 6G networks.¡± |