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The simulations were implemented in the Cooja/Contiki platform, modeling IEEE 802.15.4 networks with a star topol”©ogy of 20 nodes, one CoAP server, and multiple clients transmitting periodic GET requests.
Each node operated with a 2.4 GHz radio at 250 kbps and a duty-cycled MAC layer with a 25m transmission range.
The channel introduced random packet losses varying from 0% to 20%.
Each simulation ran for 300s, and all results were averaged over 20 independent runs.
Baseline CoAP used the standard retransmission setup with a two-second acknowledgment timeout and up to four retransmissions.
The proposed scheme employed the adaptive client RTO estimator [Eqs. (2)-(4)] and the server duplicate”© suppression mechanism [Eqs. (5)-(6)] formulas as established in our work.
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