What are the main educational benefits of using VR, 360-degree, and 3D technologies in virtual laboratories, according to the research?
Cross-platform learning opportunities: Students can explore 3D structures via a browser-based environment and also use a fully immersive VR simulation via game-engine development.
Improved engagement and learning outcomes: Fully immersive VR increases learners’ sense of presence, which boosts engagement and Stronger theory–practice connection: The contents (2D/3D models, 360° panoramas, videos, animations) provide theoretical explanations and equipment demonstrations, helping students connect concepts to practical lab tasks.
Support for simulations and lab exercises: These tools enable learners to perform simulations, hands-on activities, and laboratory exercises through VR-based technologies.
Accessibility and cost-effectiveness: Virtual labs can serve as more accessible and cost-effective alternatives to complex, resource-intensive physical laboratories.
Flexibility and self-directed learning: Digital learning resources and virtual labs provide flexibility in time and space and increase opportunities for self-directed learning.
More natural interaction and realism (hand tracking): Gesture-based hand tracking (without controllers) makes interaction more intuitive and increases immersion and realism.
Cross-platform learning opportunities: Students can explore 3D structures via a browser-based environment and also use a fully immersive VR simulation via game-engine development.
