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IEEE/ICACT20260220 Question.5 Questioner: hominpark@etri.re.kr 2026-02-13 오전 2:38:49	IEEE/ICACT20260220 Answer.5 Answer by Auhor phamhoanglai10a1@gmail.com 2026-02-13 오전 2:38:49
What are the specific advantages of WOA over other metaheuristics in this scenario, and can its convergence speed and efficiency be maintained even with a massive increase in STAR-RIS elements?	WOA offers a strong exploration–exploitation balance with relatively low parameter tuning complexity and simple update equations, which makes it suitable for high-dimensional continuous optimization such as STAR-RIS phase design. However, as the number of STAR-RIS elements grows massively, convergence speed naturally degrades due to the curse of dimensionality. To maintain efficiency, we apply structured decomposition, dimensionality reduction, and warm-start initialization, and the algorithm remains scalable with proper architectural support.

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